History of Gymnastics
It originated from beauty practices and fitness exercises used by ancient Greeks it also includes skills of mounting and dismounting a horse and various circus performance skills.
Women gymnastics events includes balance beam, parallel bars, pommel horse, vaulting, rings, floor exercises and rhythmic gymnastics. Men's events includes horizontal bar, parallel bars, pommel horse, vaulting rings and floor exercises.
Rules of Gymnastics
The Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique(FIG) is the statutory body for Gymnastics established on 23 July 1881.
Some of the rules decided by FIG are:
- Every gymnast can have maximum one attempt on each apparatus, exceptions are allowed in case when attempt is interrupted because of no fault of gymnast but this is not allowed in women's vault.
- In women's vault gymnasts can have two attempts.
- Each gymnast can have make-up of their own but they should meet certain predefined skill sets according to degree of difficulty.
- Spotters are allowed to help gymnasts they can stand near bars, rings, parallel bars and vault. But gymnasts loose 0.4 of single point if they take any assistance.
- Gymnasts are allowed to have assistance at beginning of game for starting positions for rings and horizontal bars.
- Competitors can use bandages or leather grips. Coaching is prohibited during routine.
- Gymnasts can't leave competition area without permission.
- Penalty is there for unsporting behaviour.
- There are two panel of judges to rate performance of an individual on a difficulty rating out of 10, depending on manoeurres.
- Six judges are there to judge independent execution for form and execution.
- They give routine marks out of ten, deduction in marks is also there. Minor errors get loss of 0.1 of a point and serious errors get gymnast deduction of 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 of a point. Gymnast who falls off or apparatus falls loses 0.5 of a point.
- Highest and lowest points are neglected and remaining four points are averaged.
- In all events the score on each apparatus are added and maximum score for women is 40 (10 points for each apparatus with four apparatus) and 60 for men ( 10 points for each apparatus with six apparatus). (In Artistic Gymnastic only)
- Each nation in their team can have six gymnasts, with five routines on each apparatus and only top four scores are counted.
- Maximum score any nation can score for each apparatus is 40 means maximum score is 160 for women and its 240 for men.
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